Earth Preta Mixes Legitimate and Malicious Components to Sidestep Detection
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Trend Micro’s Threat Hunting team has come across a new technique employed by
Earth Preta, also known as Mustang Panda. Earth Preta’s attacks have been
known to focus on the Asia-Pacific region: More recently, one campaign used a
variant of the DOPLUGS malware to target Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia, among
other countries. The group, which favors phishing in their campaigns and tends
to target government entities, has had over 200 victims since 2022.
This advanced persistent threat (APT) group has been observed leveraging a
Windows utility that’s able to inject code into external processes called the
Microsoft Application Virtualization Injector (MAVInject.exe). This injects
Earth Preta’s payload into a Windows utility that’s used to sending or waiting
for signals between networked computers., waitfor.exe, when an ESET antivirus
application is detected running. Additionally, Earth Preta utilizes Setup
Factory, an installer builder for Windows software, to drop and execute the
payload; this enables them to evade detection and maintain persistence in
compromised systems.